By the mid-2000’s, the green infrastructure concepts of Low Impact Development (LID, North America), Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD, Australia), Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems (SUDS, Europe), and later, Sponge Cities (China) had gained traction as a naturalized alternative to hard engineering approaches for managing stormwater runoff. These green infrastructure technologies include bioswales, raingardens, green roofs, pervious pavement, rainwater harvesting, cleansing biotopes, floating wetlands, and constructed wetlands. The concept of Nature-based Solutions (NbS) evolved from these green infrastructure approaches (that also included ideas of Design with Nature, Eco-City Planning, and Biophilic City) to deliver a broader, more holistic framework for urban environmental design and management. The shift towards green infrastructure over the past 20 years provided the dual benefit of water quantity and water quality management, but this newer NbS framework offers even greater scope to consider multiple ecosystem service benefits, including urban heat island mitigation, carbon sequestration, food provisioning, biodiversity/enhanced habitat, noise mitigation, air quality improvement, aesthetics, and community wellbeing. Furthermore, NbS must strive to be inclusive and equitably distribute benefits following the principles of GEI (Gender, Equality, Inclusion).